Reference

Golf Handicap
Reference.

Every WHS formula, every allowance percentage, every key definition — in one place. Bookmark it.

About this page

This is a structured reference for the World Handicap System — formulas, percentages, and rules presented without explanation. For the reasoning behind each, see the Complete WHS Guide.

Key formulas

Score Differential

(Adjusted Gross Score − Course Rating) × (113 ÷ Slope Rating)

Applied per qualifying round. PCC adjustment added before storing.

Average of best 8 Score Differentials (from last 20 rounds) × 0.96

Rounded to 1 decimal place. Maximum 54.0.

Handicap Index × (Slope Rating ÷ 113) + (Course Rating − Par)

Rounded to nearest whole number.

Playing Handicap (singles / stroke play)

Course Handicap × Allowance %

Rounded to nearest whole number. 0.5 rounds up.

Foursomes team Playing Handicap

(Player A Course HCP + Player B Course HCP) × 0.5

Greensomes team Playing Handicap

(Lower Course HCP × 0.6) + (Higher Course HCP × 0.4)

Matchplay shots received (any format)

Higher Playing HCP − Lower Playing HCP

Lower-HCP player plays off scratch. Higher-HCP player receives the difference.

Format allowances

FormatAllowanceApplied to
Stroke play (singles)95%Each player's Course HCP
Singles matchplay100%Each player's Course HCP
Four-ball matchplay85%Each player's Course HCP individually
Foursomes50% combinedSum of both partners' Course HCPs
Greensomes60% lower + 40% higherWeighted by lower/higher Course HCP
Stableford100%Each player's Course HCP
Scramble20–25%Team combined (club discretion)
Texas Scramble~10%Team combined (club discretion)

Handicap Index ramp-up table

The number of qualifying rounds before a Handicap Index is established, and which scores count at each stage:

Qualifying roundsScores usedAdjustment
3Lowest 1−2.0
4–5Lowest 1−1.0
6Lowest 2−1.0
7–8Lowest 2None
9Lowest 3None
10–11Lowest 3None
12Lowest 4None
13–14Lowest 4None
15Lowest 5None
16–17Lowest 6None
18–19Lowest 7None
20+Lowest 8None

Playing Conditions Calculation (PCC)

PCC valueEffect on Score DifferentialConditions
−1Subtract 1 from each differentialEasier than rated
0No changeAs rated (most days)
+1Add 1 to each differentialSlightly harder than rated
+2Add 2 to each differentialNotably harder than rated
+3Add 3 to each differentialSignificantly harder than rated

Stroke Index — shot allocation rule

A player receives a handicap stroke on a hole when that hole's Stroke Index ≤ their Playing Handicap.

For Playing Handicaps above 18, a second stroke is received on holes starting from SI 1.

In matchplay, only the difference in Playing Handicaps matters. The lower-handicapped player plays off scratch; the higher-handicapped player receives strokes on the holes with the lowest Stroke Index values.

Playing HandicapShots received
0No shots
91 shot on holes with SI 1–9
181 shot on every hole
201 shot on all 18 + 2nd shot on SI 1 and SI 2

Key definitions

Handicap Index
Portable ability number. Same at every course. Calculated from best 8 of 20 Score Differentials × 96%.
Course Handicap
Handicap Index adjusted for this course and tees. Changes with every course you play.
Playing Handicap
Course Handicap with the format allowance applied. The actual strokes you receive in competition.
Score Differential
A normalised measure of how well you played on a given round, adjusted for course difficulty.
Course Rating
Expected score of a scratch golfer on these tees under normal conditions. On scorecard.
Slope Rating
How much harder the course plays for a bogey golfer vs. scratch. Scale 55–155. Standard = 113.
Stroke Index
Ranking 1–18 for each hole showing where handicap strokes are allocated. SI 1 = hardest for bogey golfer.
Net Double Bogey
Maximum hole score for handicap purposes: Par + 2 + any shots received on that hole.
PCC
Playing Conditions Calculation. Daily adjustment to Score Differentials when conditions differ significantly from rating. Range: −1 to +3.

Further reading

Dormie

Calculate your matchplay handicap in seconds.

Dormie handles every format — singles, four-ball, foursomes, greensomes — with accurate WHS handicap calculations. Free to download.